python获取linux系统信息的三种方法
方法一：psutil模块
#!usr/bin/envpython
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
importsocket
importpsutil
classNodeResource(object):
defget_host_info(self):
host_name=socket.gethostname()
return{'host_name':host_name}
defget_cpu_state(self):
cpu_count=psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
cpu_percent=(str)(psutil.cpu_percent(1))+'%'
return{'cpu_count':cpu_count,'cpu_percent':cpu_percent}
defget_memory_state(self):
mem=psutil.virtual_memory()
mem_total=mem.total/1024/1024
mem_free=mem.available/1024/1024
mem_percent='%s%%'%mem.percent
return{'mem_toal':mem_total,'mem_free':mem_free,'mem_percent':mem_percent}
defget_disk_state(self):
disk_stat=psutil.disk_usage('/')
disk_total=disk_stat.total
disk_free=disk_stat.free
disk_percent='%s%%'%disk_stat.percent
return{'mem_toal':disk_total,'mem_free':disk_free,'mem_percent':disk_percent}
方法二：proc
#!usr/bin/envpython
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
importtime
importos
frommultiprocessingimportcpu_count
classNodeResource(object):
defusage_percent(self,use,total):
#返回百分占比
try:
ret=int(float(use)/total*100)
exceptZeroDivisionError:
raiseException("ERROR-zerodivisionerror")
return'%s%%'%ret
@property
defcpu_stat(self,interval=1):
cpu_num=cpu_count()
withopen("/proc/stat","r")asf:
line=f.readline()
spl=line.split("")
worktime_1=sum([int(i)foriinspl[2:]])
idletime_1=int(spl[5])
time.sleep(interval)
withopen("/proc/stat","r")asf:
line=f.readline()
spl=line.split("")
worktime_2=sum([int(i)foriinspl[2:]])
idletime_2=int(spl[5])
dworktime=(worktime_2-worktime_1)
didletime=(idletime_2-idletime_1)
cpu_percent=self.usage_percent(dworktime-didletime,didletime)
return{'cpu_count':cpu_num,'cpu_percent':cpu_percent}
@property
defdisk_stat(self):
hd={}
disk=os.statvfs("/")
hd['available']=disk.f_bsize*disk.f_bfree
hd['capacity']=disk.f_bsize*disk.f_blocks
hd['used']=hd['capacity']-hd['available']
hd['used_percent']=self.usage_percent(hd['used'],hd['capacity'])
returnhd
@property
defmemory_stat(self):
mem={}
withopen("/proc/meminfo")asf:
forlineinf:
line=line.strip()
iflen(line)<2:continue
name=line.split(':')[0]
var=line.split(':')[1].split()[0]
mem[name]=long(var)*1024.0
mem['MemUsed']=mem['MemTotal']-mem['MemFree']-mem['Buffers']-mem['Cached']
mem['used_percent']=self.usage_percent(mem['MemUsed'],mem['MemTotal'])
return{'MemUsed':mem['MemUsed'],'MemTotal':mem['MemTotal'],'used_percent':mem['used_percent']}
nr=NodeResource()
printnr.cpu_stat
print'=================='
printnr.disk_stat
print'=================='
printnr.memory_stat
方法三：subprocess
fromsubprocessimportPopen,PIPE
importos,sys
'''获取ifconfig命令的输出'''
defgetIfconfig():
p=Popen(['ifconfig'],stdout=PIPE)
data=p.stdout.read()
returndata
'''获取dmidecode命令的输出'''
defgetDmi():
p=Popen(['dmidecode'],stdout=PIPE)
data=p.stdout.read()
returndata
'''根据空行分段落返回段落列表'''
defparseData(data):
parsed_data=[]
new_line=''
data=[iforiindata.split('\n')ifi]
forlineindata:
ifline[0].strip():
parsed_data.append(new_line)
new_line=line+'\n'
else:
new_line+=line+'\n'
parsed_data.append(new_line)
return[iforiinparsed_dataifi]
'''根据输入的段落数据分析出ifconfig的每个网卡ip信息'''
defparseIfconfig(parsed_data):
dic={}
parsed_data=[iforiinparsed_dataifnoti.startswith('lo')]
forlinesinparsed_data:
line_list=lines.split('\n')
devname=line_list[0].split()[0]
macaddr=line_list[0].split()[-1]
ipaddr=line_list[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]
break
dic['ip']=ipaddr
returndic
'''根据输入的dmi段落数据分析出指定参数'''
defparseDmi(parsed_data):
dic={}
parsed_data=[iforiinparsed_dataifi.startswith('SystemInformation')]
parsed_data=[iforiinparsed_data[0].split('\n')[1:]ifi]
dmi_dic=dict([i.strip().split(':')foriinparsed_data])
dic['vender']=dmi_dic['Manufacturer'].strip()
dic['product']=dmi_dic['ProductName'].strip()
dic['sn']=dmi_dic['SerialNumber'].strip()
returndic
'''获取Linux系统主机名称'''
defgetHostname():
withopen('/etc/sysconfig/network')asfd:
forlineinfd:
ifline.startswith('HOSTNAME'):
hostname=line.split('=')[1].strip()
break
return{'hostname':hostname}
'''获取Linux系统的版本信息'''
defgetOsVersion():
withopen('/etc/issue')asfd:
forlineinfd:
osver=line.strip()
break
return{'osver':osver}
'''获取CPU的型号和CPU的核心数'''
defgetCpu():
num=0
withopen('/proc/cpuinfo')asfd:
forlineinfd:
ifline.startswith('processor'):
num+=1
ifline.startswith('modelname'):
cpu_model=line.split(':')[1].strip().split()
cpu_model=cpu_model[0]+''+cpu_model[2]+''+cpu_model[-1]
return{'cpu_num':num,'cpu_model':cpu_model}
'''获取Linux系统的总物理内存'''
defgetMemory():
withopen('/proc/meminfo')asfd:
forlineinfd:
ifline.startswith('MemTotal'):
mem=int(line.split()[1].strip())
break
mem='%.f'%(mem/1024.0)+'MB'
return{'Memory':mem}
if__name__=='__main__':
dic={}
data_ip=getIfconfig()
parsed_data_ip=parseData(data_ip)
ip=parseIfconfig(parsed_data_ip)
data_dmi=getDmi()
parsed_data_dmi=parseData(data_dmi)
dmi=parseDmi(parsed_data_dmi)
hostname=getHostname()
osver=getOsVersion()
cpu=getCpu()
mem=getMemory()
dic.update(ip)
dic.update(dmi)
dic.update(hostname)
dic.update(osver)
dic.update(cpu)
dic.update(mem)
'''将获取到的所有数据信息并按简单格式对齐显示'''
fork,vindic.items():
print'%-10s:%s'%(k,v)
fromsubprocessimportPopen,PIPE
importtime
'''获取ifconfig命令的输出'''
#defgetIfconfig():
#p=Popen(['ipconfig'],stdout=PIPE)
#data=p.stdout.read()
#data=data.decode('cp936').encode('utf-8')
#returndata
#
#print(getIfconfig())
p=Popen(['top-n2-d|grepCpu'],stdout=PIPE,shell=True)
data=p.stdout.read()
info=data.split('\n')[1]
info_list=info.split()
cpu_percent='%s%%'%int(float(info_list[1])+float(info_list[3]))
printcpu_percent
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